Infertility Evaluations or tests are performed to assess the fertility of men and women. Individuals undergo these tests if they are struggling to have a baby with their partner. While some couples may be able to conceive easier than others, it is important not to jump to the worst conclusions right away. You usually do not need to see a doctor regarding infertility unless you have been regularly trying to get pregnant for at least one year.
However, in some cases, you may need some assistance from your OB/GYN to conceive. Women with the following criteria should speak with their doctor if they are having trouble becoming pregnant:

Are over 35 years old and have been trying to conceive for 6 months or more.

  • Have absent or irregular periods.
  • Have painful periods.
  • Have known fertility problems.
  • Have endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease.
  • Have experienced multiple miscarriages.
  • Have undergone cancer treatments.

Men should speak with their doctor if they:

  • Have a low sperm count.
  • Have a history of prostate, testicular, or sexual problems.
  • Have undergone cancer treatments.
  • Have other individuals in their family with infertility issues.

TYPES OF INFERTILITY EVALUATIONS

Both men and women can undergo infertility testing to determine why they are having trouble conceiving. Along with the following tests, infertility evaluations will take into account your physical health such as illness, birth defects, or acquired anatomical disorders that may interfere with conception or a healthy pregnancy.

INFERTILITY TESTS FOR WOMEN

In order for a woman to successfully conceive, she relies on her body to release healthy eggs. The reproductive tract must allow an egg to move into the fallopian tubes and then meet up with sperm for fertilization. The fertilized egg must then travel to the uterus and implant into the lining. Female infertility tests are done to discover if any of these processes are impaired, and may include:

  • Ovulation testing through blood tests.
  • Hysterosalpingography to evaluate the condition of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
  • Ovarian reserve testing to determine the number of eggs available for ovulation.
  • Imaging tests such as pelvic ultrasound.
  • Other hormone testing to check your levels of pituitary and ovulatory hormones.

INFERTILITY TESTS FOR MEN

Healthy fertility in males depends on testicles that produce enough healthy sperm, and that those sperm can effectively travel to the egg. Male infertility tests are performed to determine if any of these processes are impaired, and may include:

  • Semen analysis.
  • Hormone testing through blood tests.
  • Genetic testing.
  • Testicular biopsy to identify any abnormalities or for IVF.
  • Imaging tests such as MRI or ultrasound.