An Intrauterine Device or IUD is a T-shaped device that is placed into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Some women who do not want to take the birth control pill or have difficulty remembering to take their pills opt for this birth control option. There are different types of IUDs, including hormonal and copper.

  1. Hormonal IUDs: The three brands of hormonal IUDs available in the PHILIPPINES include Mirena, Skyla, and Liletta. Once a hormonal IUD is placed into the uterus, it releases small amounts of the hormone progestin over time to hinder sperm from reaching the egg. The hormones also thicken the cervical mucus and thin the uterine lining, further preventing pregnancy. Hormonal IUDs can continue to work for 3-5 years.
  2. Copper IUDs: ParaGard is a copper IUD, which works for 10 years once placed. It works by stopping sperm from meeting up with the egg. You may experience heavy bleeding and cramping initially during your periods while using this IUD, which should lighten after a few months.

WHO IS A CANDIDATE FOR AN IUD?

If you are considering an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception, I will first evaluate whether it is the right option for you. Many women who are in good overall health are excellent candidates for an IUD because it is one of the most effective, safe, and long-lasting methods of birth control. During your consultation, I will review your medical history, discuss your reproductive goals, and answer any questions you may have so that together we can choose the contraceptive method that best fits your needs and lifestyle.

Although an IUD is highly effective at preventing pregnancy, it does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Before recommending an IUD, I will make sure you do not have any conditions that could make insertion unsafe, such as an active sexually transmitted infection, pregnancy, a recent pelvic infection, unexplained vaginal bleeding, or cancer of the uterus or cervix. I will also consider your overall health when selecting the most appropriate type of IUD. For example, I generally do not recommend a copper IUD for women with Wilson’s disease or a copper allergy, while a hormonal IUD may not be appropriate for women with certain liver diseases, breast cancer, or those at high risk for breast cancer.

HOW IS AN IUD INSERTED?

IUDs can be inserted during an office visit, and usually takes about 10 minutes. During this process, you will lie on the exam table with your feet in stirrups, and a tool called a speculum will be placed into the vagina. The IUD will then be inserted in a small tube that is placed into the vagina and through the cervix to the uterus. The IUD will be pushed into the uterus and the tube removed. IUDs have strings that are attached to them that will hang 1-2 inches inside the vagina.  Some women experience cramping or dizziness during this procedure, which should pass within a few minutes.
After your IUD insertion, you may experience temporary side effects such as cramping, aching back, heavy periods, irregular periods, or spotting between periods. These effects should resolve with time as your body gets used to your IUD. Both hormonal and copper IUDs can be removed at any time if you wish to get pregnant or are unhappy with possible side effects.